1379	Sir, i want see real time price of BMD pam oil, which address of site.	manohar singh chandel
Dear Mr Chandel, Please go to the home page of this website and explore. There is ls also an inter active PO price graph in the middle of it. For more detailed information on prices and much more, you are welcome to take a subscription. Regards, FP (18.04.2012)
1378	Dear Sir, I am trader based at Dubai, selling commodites to West Africa Market. I request you to please let us know if you can share with us the details of Quantity of Palm oil being exported to West Africa Markets. The same will help us to Plan our Sales Forecast to our company which in turn will help our Buying team to source better from Malaysia.	K.S.Kumar
Dear Mr Kumar, West Africa has many countries and you should have mentioned the 3 or 4 you are most interested in. However in regard to PO imports in 2011, Nigeria was by far the biggest with 830,000 tonnes, followed by Mauritania 80,000 and Togo 75,000. Naturally, there are variations from year to year and Nigeria is expanding her on production, but the general trend is strongly upwards. I think your prospects are very good there. Regards, FP (13.04.2012)
1377	Good Day! I am Ho from Malaysia. We are currently working on a refrigeration system for the palm oil product, hence we shall require the information on the specific heat of palm oil product. Is it possible for you to assist us in the specific heat (kCal/kg degC) of Palm Oil Product before freezing and after freezing? What would be the freezing point of palm oil product? Your help is highly appreciated. We look forward to hear from you soon.	Ho Wai Loong
Dear Mr Loong, Sorry but engineering projects are never simple, involve calculations and a lot of money and I only advise on them in private consultations. I mentioned that many times previously but people are still asking me here. Regards, FP (11.04.2012)
1376	How much should we add on the CPO price to know what is the price of refined palm oil approx ?	Omar
Dear Mr Omar, It is the policy of this website not to discuss prices on this page. However, I can mention that besides the processing cost for RBD PO, there are export duties paid in the exporting countries and import duties at the importing countries which are not only different, but also vary all the time. These factors make it impossible to give you a reliable figure. But very many of our members are experienced, established PO traders and you are welcome to join and start talking to them. Regards, FP (10.04.2012)
1375	Dear Mr Frank, I have a problem regarding refinery plant process. Our plant is designed to process 1000 MT/day which means average flow rate of incoming CPO to plant is 41.7 MT/hour. Recently, whenever we try to run at normal rate, our FFA% and color of product RBDPO will increase (bad quality)- every settings in plant is run as usual. Another case is that when we try to increase Bleaching Earth Dosing, it indeed lower BPO color, however RBDPO obtained with high color of 3.6, any explanation and suggestion of troubleshooting (assume degumming complete)? Is scaling in Main Boiler might affect the steam supply which cause vacuum and temperature failure? Could palm oil polymerization that occur in deodorizer melapik indirectly affect the color of product RBDPO? Or what is the side effect of those polymerization in melapik medium? (Sorry for messy/less organized questions, but i sincerely very appreciate of your afford to answer my questions).	LMY
Dear Mr LMY, It is not possible to diagnose plant problems from thousands of miles away and on the basis of a few lines as well, otherwise my work would be very simple. Consultants have to visit the factories and check every thing for themselves because nothing is ever as the operators think it is and every plant is different. Also I do not understand what you mean by "polymerization that occur in deodorizer melapik" , it is not English as I know it. All I can say is that, as it stands, your plant cannot cope with the throughput you are asking it to provide. You are not mentioning who constructed you plant and a Iot depends on that. Check all settings of time, temperature and vacuum, especially at the deodorizer and if they are OK, arrange a visit from the plant designers and a consultant. It will cost some money but it will be cheap at any price, do your costings. Regards, FP (09.04.2012)
1374	Hi, i would like to invest in 50tpd oil refinery but i have no experience in the field but i have ready customers. Who can i consult to give all details and machinery setup?	Anthony mwangi
Dear Mr Mwangi, I keep my private work separate from palmoil.com. If you want my consultancy services, please send me an email at: frankpantzaris@yahoo.co.uk with details of where you are located, the type of help you want etc and I will be happy to let you have my terms. Regards, FP (05.04.2012)
1373	i have question regarding to the injection of phosphoric acid (dry degumming. the crude palm oil temeprature should be 75-80 degree celcius before mixed with acid. so is there something reaction or compulsory for us to heat to that temperature or mix the acid with CPO and then heat up to bleacher temperature??	AHMAD MUJAHID BIN MD NOOR
Dear Mr Mujahid, The change you propose to the pretreatment of your oil is ratrher minor and unlikely to have any adverse effect, as long as the mixing time at the specified temperature remains the same. Nevertheless, I have not tried it and I think you should confirm it with a trial before you adopt it. Many thinks can happen even when we do not expect them. Regards, FP (30.03.2012)
1372	I am a soap manufacturer in Pakistan. How can I chemically bleach high FFA CPO (12-15 FFA) without using bleaching earth to obtain light yellow colour oil for the production of laundry soaps. Thanks in advance.	Tariq Amin
Dear Mr Amin, If you want the palest colour PO you will have to buy RBD PO from a reputable supplier. The only satisfactory method for bleaching CPO is by heating under vacuum. Any other method will not achieve the same colour and will oxidise the oil so that any thing you make with it will go rancid quickly. Stick to good scientific methods and forget voodoo science. Regards, FP (10.04.2012)
1371	Dear Mr. Frank Pantzaris, firstly something about me, my name Jozef Gejdos, company Marinol, ltd in Slovakia, we do import Palm Olein from Malaysia and sell it to restaurants in Slovakia. I would like to thank you for your quick answer, which is very appreciated and is giving us bigger picture about Palm oil generally. We are in discussing process on this issue with our supplier and we have sent them samples of problematic olein , but to be honest we like to have another qualified view on this issue. Palm olein IV 64 which was mentioned in our previous email got the same batch number 001 for both containers but one container we receive about 2 months earlier than the second one. Please have a look on parameters of each Certificate of analysis which are enclosed in PDF format. (plus test from Slovakia lab – Slovakia protokol). As I wrote in the first email, it looks that the problematic cans are probably just from the first container, but not all of them roughly maybe up to 20% from whole container. Some are really hard solid and some normally liquid and all of them are stored at the same temperature about 20C (all the same batch num. 001). The other thing is that a lot of cans have probably not good caps because the surface around them is bit of greasy from leaking olein. Could be that the cause of some kind of solidyfation from oxidation or? Do you think that this is just due to different IV number? Or can have the same IV but some other parameters could affective it? And you did mentioned that big end users go to the expense of having their own laboratories and testing every batch they receive, but do you know some way how we could test quality of our imported palm olein whilst it is packed in 5 Litre cans and it looks like the quality (or just IV) is volatile within one container. It is nonsense test every can in container... How we could avoid this or what could be the cause of it? What can be in our case effective way of to control it? What are the most important specifications/parameters to watch for vegetable oils generally? Thank you very much for a help.	Jozef Gejdos
Dear Mr Gejdos, I note you say both the soft and hard lots of palm olein are from the same batch and this is very surprising. You can confirm this if you wish, by heating the two cans until the oil is melted, mixing it well and taking samples.. Then send them to a good oil laboratory to check the IV and Cloud point, according to good, recognised, international methods. The certificates you have are for health and nutrition. and are not relevant to your problem. The relevant tests are IV and Cloud Point. You must have a selling specification for them from your supplier. The little leaking you have noticed from the can lids, does not have much effect. I do not see why you want to find the cause of the problem as it is not your fault and you have no laboratory. It is for the producer to make his quality right. Try another supplier with small orders for a while and decide. In any case it is better to have two on going suppliers than be in the hands of only one. You can make the olein softer if you store the cans in a very warm place for a week or so. It will become hard again but quite slowly. Regards, FP (24.03.2012)
1370	What is the testing method of palm oil use in soap noodles following parameters-acid value,free alkali,$ Iodine value.	anil kumar
Dear Mr Kumar, Soap noodles are made mostly in oleochemical plants making many other products and they take their palm oil from the refineries of the same group. Usually they have a plantation behind them as well. They are free to use any test methods they wish, it is their business. Regards, FP (24.03.2012)
1368	can u tell me that 37.324 kg canola seed will give us how many oil n ltrs	asif mahmood
Dear Mr Mahmood, The oil content of oilseeds and oil yield obtained is different in different countries and also depends on the variety of the seeds and the machinery employed. But the world average yield of oil from rapeseeds is 40%. Reards, FP (23.03.2012)
1367	Dear sir, I want know the differnce between crude and refeened palm oil (stpes. chimic...) thank you	khelefi hassen
Dear Mr Hassen, CPO comes from mills and it is as pressed out of the fruit. It has strong smell and colour, high FFA,. gums and some moisture. It also has a strong taste and is only acceptable to people in the producing countries. Refined PO, known in commerce as RBDPO, comes from oil refineries and it is the same oil after removing the above impurities. It has practically no taste or smell, pale yellow colour and is acceptable by every one. Regards, FP (23.03.2012)
1366	Good day Sir. I worked with a refinery here in Malaysia. My questions is: 1) How is CPO IV effecting output Yield? theoretically for RBDPL:RBDPS yield are (IV56)80%:20%, (IV58)70%:30% & (IV60)60%:40%. 2) Is it higher CPO IV means higher yield? or at least higher unsaturated means higher RBDPL yield? 3) Does higher CPO IV means it is not stable in term of stability when going through fractionation process? Thank you.	Rasheed
Dear Mr Rasheed, My answers to your questions are as follows: 1) The IV of CPO affects the olein yield very strongly and if you have a choice you must always chose the oil with the highest IV. The SMP can also be expected to be a little lower, which most users prefer. The yields you give here can be right or wrong depending on the IV of the CPO and and of the PS and here your 3 examples seem to be from different CPO and PS. 2) Yes, higher CPO IV gives higher PL yield. 3) The oxidative stability of CPO depends on many things other than IV and as in practice the IV variation is very small, usually 51- 53, you can neglect its effect. Much more important are PV, trace metals, DOBI etc. regards, FP (23.03.2012)
1364	Dear sir, RBD palm olein mixed with RBD palm stearin to get RBD palm oil compare with RBD pam oil from refinery. The SFC remain same or different? What's the SFC in between these two ways to get the RBD palm oil? Will the olein easily separate from the stearin after production?	ling.amy
Dear Ling, If you blend palm olein and palm stearin you will get the SFC of PO only if both of the two oils came from the same batch of PO. But I expect that in any case you will get near enough if you blend those two oils aiming at a SFC (20C) 26%. But I will be surprised if this makes economic sense because you will have lost the fractionation cost. Regards, FP (20.03.2012)
1363	Hi, sir. I would like to know is there any difference between FFA and RED. Because now the production of crude coconut oil the FFA is drop in 1.20%, but why the red is up to 4.00%? hope Sir you can help me in this problem. Thx..	PMK MGR
Dear PMK MR, Sorry I do not know what you mean by RED. Please spell it out. Regards, FP (20.03.2012)
1362	Dear Mr Pantzaris, I am working as a NPD technologist for a dairy company in Northern Ireland. We currently use a small percentage of palm kernal oil in our recipes. It has been requested of the company by one of our main customers to have "100% of palm oil used in our products to be sustainably certified in accordance with the "segregated" certification system of the rspo". I have sourced a new ingredient that contains coconut oil instead of palm kernal oil. Would coconut oil still fall under the definition of "palm oil"? Does the RSPO certification system cover coconut oil or would another organisation be able to certify this as sustainable? Any help on this would be greatly appreciated.	Orla
Dear Ms Robertson, I do not think coconut oil can be called PO. Although both plants are of the genus palmae and look rather similar, the coconut tree is of the species Cocos nucifera while the palm tree is of the species Elaeis guineensis and further more the custom of the trade is that only the latter is called PO. In fact there is another species of palm called Eaeis oleifera which gives a very similar oil, except for higher IV, and yet even that is not defined as PO according to the United Nations, Codex Alimentarius. As regards RSPO only PO is certified because this is the oil with the highest scale of production and the highest rate of growth, which most people blame for the destruction of the jungle. Coconut planting is hardly expanding and so the oil is regarded as sustainable without the need for certification. Regards, FP (20.03.2012)
1360	What is the impact to the waste water generated (treatability in aerobic or anaerobic system) if we feed PFAD instead of CPO or PKO? It is for faaty acid and glycerol plant. Thank you.	Victor
Dear Mr Victor, Sorry, but mill effluent treatment is a very specialised subject and you will have to ask the people who installed your plant, or try it cautiously and see what happens. Regards, FP (19.03.2012)
1359	Dear sir, what is the density for PFAD oil, RBD oil and CPO oil. tq	krishni
Dear Mr Crishni, I see you have another exam question. The density of CPO and RBDPO I gave in previous Q&A recently and I see you did not even search there. The density of PFAD is not given in any specifications I have seen, but fatty acids have lower densities than their triglyceride and the value I calculate for a typical PFAD is 0.878 kg/ L at 50C . Note that densities vary with temperature so that you cannot give a density value without also mentioning the temperature. Densities are very important because the weight of oils in large quantities such as shipments etc, is always calculated from the densities and so an immense amount of money is involved. Regards, FP (19.03.2012)
1358	Dear sir, what is the molecular weight of oil for PFAD, CPO and RBD oil and also the molecular weight PFAD of FFA which has >90%. tq	krishni
Dear Mr Krishni, I think you are a student and you cannot expect me to give you the answers ready made so you can deceive your teacher, but I can help you a little. These products are not pure substances, they are mixtures of fatty acids and glycerides and do not have precise molecular weights, they have average or typical molecular weights. PFAD you can assume as consisting of 75% palm fatty acids and 25% CPO. CPO and RBDPO have the same FA Composition ie. 45% Palmitic, 5% stearic. and 50% oleic+linoleic. Regards, FP (19.03.2012)
1357	I would be thankful if you could help me about the kind of Palm oil products (specification) that suitable for manufacturing Feta cheese and Yogurt products?	Dr. Motahar Shaiban
Dear Mr Shaiban, I think you should start with RBDPO and then if necessary make it softer by adding some RBDpalm olein. All reputable oil refineries have virtually the same specifications and the only important difference will be in the PV at the time of delivery. But as you have not told me your country, I cannot give you a value, except to say it should be as low as possible. Regards FP (19.03.2012)