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15.03.2010 06:19

Q&A

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Dear Friends, Here bellow you can ask your questions which will be answered briefly by our TECHNOLOGICAL consultant, Mr. Frank Pantzaris, a well known expert and consultant in tropical oils based in England.

You can ask ONLY TECHNOLOGICAL general questions that can be easy to answer (something like FAQ). Please do not ask questions about prices and companies. All questions pls send to info@palmoil.com with a mark "Q&A".

"I am taking this opportunity to request all people who ask me questions to help me, if possible, by telling me something about their background and country so that I might phrase my answers accordingly. For example, students, technologists and traders need a different kind of explanation. Regards, FP."

736	The oil palm tree is native to liberia and is traditionally the main source of edible oil. I am a chemist and wish to conduct the specification tests required by the ISO for the export of edible palm oil internationally. Could you please list these tests and the limits for each parameter?	Frankie Cassell
Dear Mr Cassell, You have asked 2 identical questions so I am only showing this one. The edible grade of PO is the RBDPO and it is normally traded according to the PORAM standards. No one has ever asked me for the ISO standards. I cannot give you the full standards of any organisation because of copyright laws and sometimes they are also too long. If you want any one''s standards you must write to them and pay their fees if necessary. Regards, FP (12.03.2010)
734	Hello, I´d like to know what is the gross and lower calorific value of Palm Acid Oil?	Alexandre
Dear Mr Alexandre, The value given in books is 9400 kcal/kg without any indication if it is the higher or the lower one. But it is usually the lower. Regards, FP (12.03.2010)
732	Frank, Currently, I am doing project on the costing in plantation (oil palm) industry. So, i would like to know thw process in planting a palm tree and what is the material will be used? Thank in advance...	Edmund Yuan
Dear Mr Yuan, If you are not familiar with oil palm planting, I do not recommend you attempt costings on the basis of a short description I can give you here. There are many requirements in nurseries, land preparation, fertiliser, watering, labour etc. This is a subject on which I give many consultations to investment companies and commercial banks. I can book you in for a private consultation by telephone, if you care to contact me privately, or you can of course contact other consultants, Regards, FP (12.03.2010)
730	Is it allowed and safe from healt point of veiw to use palm stearin in making hydrogenated vegtable ghee?	nizar Al-Ahlabi
Dear Mr Al-Ahlabi, RBD palm stearin is safe to eat but it is not hydrogenated and so you must use some other, hydrogenated oil in the formula as well. In different countries the formulation and specification of vanaspati is covered by different regulations and you have not told me where you are, so I cannot help you further. Regards, FP (12.03.2010)
729	I have a question regarding the RBD palm olein trading on the cash market in Malaysia. Can you give me the information regarding the the how the trade is done. For instance If I hire a broker and he or she buys some RBD palm olein in market where the shipment basis is Fob Malaysia ports. Is this amount which I will buy on cash market will be in any kinf of tank or containers. I want to export it to my country in Flexitank how much will it cost to fill the RBD palm Olein In flexitank in Malaysia Port. Thanks in advance and regards.	Anwarjon
Dear Mr Anwarjon, I am not a trader and so not the best person to advise you on this question. But in my opinion, If you are a small, inexperienced trader, the sensible course for you would be to buy cif, which will require the seller to deliver the oil at the port you nominate, in the month you want it. The specification and packaging you must agree in advance. (12.03.2010)
728	I AM HAVING VEGETABLE OIL REFINERY. I RECEIVED GN OIL, BUT I.V. AND BTT PASSED. BUT IN GLC TEST, IT IS FOUND ADLETRATIION OF OIL. HOW IS IT POSSIBLE, SHALL WE KNOW ANY ANJOYMS ADD?	amarnath
Dear Mr Amarnath, I am sorry I do not understand all your English, in particular the words BTT and .Anjoyms. GNO is a very expensive oil and so there is a great temptation to adulterate it. The IV is not a sensitive enough test to detect adulteration. The GLC is a much more sensitive and comprehensive test and if it shows adulteration, you better believe it. There is nothing you can do to undo adulteration. Take some good samples, notify the seller without delay and ask for compensation. Regards, FP (01.03.2010)
727	Hello Frank, first of all thanks for answering all these questions here. I’m sure you’ve heard of an Indonesian intent to invest US$ 1.6 bn into cultivating 240.000 ha of oil palm in Liberia, West-Africa. It would seem a good idea to hike along with a 130 ha private plantation, taking advantage of increased availability of local knowledge and export markets. Looking at the price difference between FFB and CPO, investing in a small mill does seem justified. Would you agree on that for a 130 ha plantation or is it too small? Is 50,000 – 60,000 USD a realisticly high enough estimate of the cost for local CPO processing equipment? Finally, with that kind of investment in the processing equipment, should I be able to obtain a high enough CPO quality to fetch the going market rate for CPO or will I be able to supply oil only to the big guys at much less than market rates? Thank you, Jeffrey	Jeffrey
Dear Mr Jeffrey, It is no use thinking of planting oil palm unless you are near a mill or can do the milling yourself. With 130 ha you will only be able to produce about 50T CPO per month at the most and it would be too little to export. Better think of supplying the local market and the prices there. I think it would be difficult to buy a set of small scale machinery to mill the FFB for the sums you mention, but it is worth trying. Regards, FP (01.03.2010)
726	Could you please let me know the densities (gms/liter) of crude and refined: palm oil, soya oil, sun oil? thank you	Daniel Dieulefait
Dear Mr Dieulefait, The densities are as follow (g/l): PO 0.892 at,50C, SBO 0.922 at 20C and SFO 0.920 at 20C. Refining does not change the density significantly Regards, FP (28.02.2010)
724	Which type of press filters will you use for bleached soybean oil; the horizontal pressure Leaf, or the horizontal plates and frame? please comment on the advantage and disavantages of each one. Why is so important to cool off the bleached oil to at least 80C, before start the filtering? Thanks in advance.	Rafael Pichardo
Dear Mr Pichardo, Your questions sounds too much like those set to students of chemical engineering and if so it would be improper for me to help you deceive your tutors About the filters I can only say, think how they are operated, their need for manpower, electricity, space, servicing and capital cost.On the need for cooling the oil think of what the effect of temperature is on oils and the FA composition of SBO. This is the first and last time I am answering exam questions, Regards, FP (28.02.2010)
722	Is it feasable to grow palm oil in semiarid coastal lands that used to be agricultural as far as 60 years ago.I am speaking precisely of Santa Elena Peninsula in Ecuador? Alberto Aviles	Albertoaviles
Dear Mr Albertoaviles, I have not been to Ecuador and I am not familiar with your area, but the country is one of the top 10 producers so the climate is suitable. Coastal soil is OK if it is not salty or has a stony layer where the roots will reach. But if it is too sandy it will be deficient in nutrients and you will have to use more fertiliser. Also keep putting on it organic matter in the for of empty fruit bunches and chippings You should be OK, good luck. Regards, FP (28.02.2010)
721	I am a quality controller in a confectionery factory. We produce a kind of coated Bar and use CBS in both filling and coating. We do not use any cocoa butter in this product. So this product is not in chocolate group and we could not use the standard of chocolate as a reference for chemical experiments. I am eager to know if there is any standard codex and methods analysis for such products only with CBS. (as we have codex stan.87-2003 for chocolate). It would be appreciated if somebody specially your company as a exporter of palm oil , could help me in this field. Thank you in advance.	Mandana Mosannani
Dear Mr Mosannani, There are no special methods for testing substitute chocolate products. You have to select from the methods used for genuine chocolate, the ones that are applicable. Just use common sense in selecting which method to apply. Also exchange views with your biggest customers and suppliers so you can harmonise and speak the same language. Regards, FP (23.02.2010)
720	Compliment of the season. I am into palm oil business in my country nigeria and i want to do the business international like exporting to various countries. pls sir how do i go about it.	OWUMI DAVID
Dear Mr David, Thank you for your greetings. My advice is to get a job in an office doing exports in oils and fats and learn there how trade is done. At the same time, it will be a good idea to enrol in a college to learn some book keeping, so you keep good records of how you are doing, profit, loss etc. Regards, FP (23.02.2010)
719	Dear Mr. Frank, We just visited at your website and came to know about your online support. We are importer of different kind of by-products from Malaysia like Palm Acid Oil, Acid Oil, Palm Acid Distillate etc.We are also planning to import Mixed Acid Oil but we do not have any idea about it's standard. so, will you please help by providing us details as per required? 1. What is Mixed Acid Oil exactly? 2. Is any standard decided by Poram or any other govt. authority for Mixed Acid Oil? 3. What would be desired FFA as Oliec of Mixed Acid Oil? Your kind support will be highly obliged.	satish sejpal
Dear Mr Sejpal, 1) Mixed acid oil is acid oil made from more than one oil, vegetable or animal. 2) I do not think so, but it must be GMQ 3) Please see your question 715. Regards, FP (23.02.2010)
718	1) I would like to know how much the palm prices are dependent on NYMEX crude. We have seen as the Nymex crude increases the Crude palm price starts increasing! How much u relate it. And if its so is it the business strategy? 2) Do u know anykind of chemical which is not harmful and that can make thick palmoil into liquid form?	mihir rughani
Dear Mr Rughani, 1) It is generally agreed that petroleum prices do now influence vegetable oil prices quite a lot but there is no exact correlation because there are many other influences at play. However, they do provide a floor below which vegetable oil prices are unlikely to fall, because there is a huge surplus capacity for biodiesel production waiting to mop it up. 2) There is no such chemical, but there is a process called fractionation and the oil is called palm olein. Regards, FP (23.02.2010)
715	I would like to know whether any standard of specifications of Mixed Acid Oil or not? if yes, than will you please provie the same. Generally, what would be FFA as Oliec in Mixed Acid Oil?	satish sejpal
Dear Mr Sejpal, There is no generally recognised specification for mixed acid oil. I would consider FFA (as oleic) min 50%, M&I max 3% and TFM min 95% as reasonable. Regards, FP (23.02.2010)
714	Goood day. we have some land need to be replant for palm oil. Please advise any companies can assist us in terms on management, maintenance, tks.	KEVIN LIM
Dear Mr Lim, Sorry we do not name companies or brands on this website. But I recommend you advertise. Regards, FP (23.02.2010)
713	What type of palm trees grow in the united arab emirates and can such trees produce palm oil? thanks, jay madorsky cleveland ohio USA	Jay Madorsky
Dear Mr Madorsky, The palm species growing in the Middle East is the Date Palm species, not the Oil Palm. In fact the climate in that region is entirely the opposite to what Oil Palms require. Regards, FP (23.02.2010)
711	Dear Sir, How can i get the figure of corrosion rate versus %FFA in Crude palm oil (CPO). Thanks, Zul	Zulkarnain
Dear Mr Zulkarnain, I do not know of any such figure having been published. But if any one did such experiment the results would only be valid for exactly those conditions and no other. Other people would have different FFA, moisture, metal/oil ratio, temperature, agitation, Oxygen concentration etc. Also the rate of corrosion diminishes with time, as a layer of oxide is formed protecting the surface below. The Malaysian Palm Oil Board did process some CPO in mild steel and stainless steel equipment and then measured the amount of iron uptake by the oil. You can try writing to them and see if they reply.Alternatively you can search the international oil journals. Regards, FP (23.02.2010)
709	I wanted to know how long we should store RPD PALM OIL in the steel tank and also any evaporation during the storage and percentage of evaporation. Pls clarify.	BALAMANI SELVAM
Dear Mr Selvam, It is impossible to give you a definite answer because the rate of deterioration depends on the age and history of the oil, which you do not know, its initial PV and flavour, the temperature, the surface area in relation to the volume of the oil, if you are topping up, etc. Then most importantly, it depends on how much deterioration in flavour and PV is tolerated in your market. Industry buyers in the developed countries expect far higher standards than house wives in the developing countries. You should offer the freshest possible oil. But if you want a figure try 1- 3 weeks Regards, FP (14.02.2010)
708	Gd Morning sir, i am new for palm oil business, can i know any way to reduce the contens of Free Fatty Acid and can i know , can i use any chemical to reduce the colour of Palm Acid oil from balck colour to become yellow or orange colour, thanks Sir	Dr.Kartigeyan
Dear Dr. Kartigeyan, You can reduce the FFA of CPO by treating it with sodium hydroxide solution and you can remove most of its colour by treating it with bleaching earth. Or you can remove both FFA and colour by the simpler process of steam stripping under vacuum. But it will be much more convenient and cheaper to buy RBD PO which has had that treatment already. Regards, FP (14.02.2010)

Question numbers

736-717

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